L'Oceanogràfic can be reached via Metro, disembark at Alameda Station or through bus number 15, 25 and 95. The Oceanographic is currently operated in partnership with the Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The distinctive hyperbolic parabola (hypars) shape of the roof is reminiscent of the Los Manantiales Restaurant in Mexico City, which Candela designed in 1958. The steel-fiber reinforced concrete thin-shell structure was designed by renown architect Félix Candela, at age 87 in 1997, and structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro. The park also includes a dolphinarium, an area of mangrove swamps and marshland, and a garden with more than 80 different species of plants.ĭesign and operation Candela's thin-shell roofs at L'Oceanogràfic (2019) The park is divided into ten areas: the marine areas are arranged into Mediterranean habitats, the Arctic oceans, islands, the tropics, the temperate seas and the Red Sea. The aquariums utilize sea water pumped from the La Malva-Rosa beach. It is home to 45,000 animals from 500 different species-including sharks, penguins, dolphins, sea lions, walruses, beluga whales, birds, reptiles and invertebrate-all inhabiting nine two-tiered underwater towers representing the Earth's major ecosystems. The Oceanographic is the largest complex of its type in Europe, spanning 110,000 square metres (1,200,000 sq ft) and holding a capacity of 42,000,000 litres (11,000,000 US gal) of water, including a 26,000,000-litre (6,900,000 US gal) dolphinarium and a 7,000,000-litre (1,800,000 US gal) ocean tank with sharks, rays and other fish. General information The underwater restaurant It is integrated inside the cultural complex known as the Ciutat de les Arts i de les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences). It was designed by the architect Félix Candela and the structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro. L'Oceanogràfic ( Valencian:, Spanish: El Oceanográfico, 'The Oceanographic') is an oceanarium situated on the dry Turia River bed to the southeast of the city center of Valencia, Spain, where different marine habitats are represented. Recently, formal influences of his innovations can be found in works by Zaha Hadid’s Heydar Aliyev Ali (Azerbaijan, 2013), FOA’s Yokohama Terminal (Japan, 2002), and UNstudio’s Burnham Pavilion (Chicago, 2009).įélix Candela's Concrete Shells: An Engineered Architecture for México and Chicago is a collaboration between the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) and the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).įélix Candela (1910-1997) one of the most prolific architects of the 20th century in his advanced geometric designs and lasting influence in contemporary architecture.39☂7′10″N 0☂0′53″W / 39.45279°N 0.34812°W / 39.45279 -0.34812ġ10,000 square metres (1,200,000 sq ft) Ĥ2,000,000 litres (11,000,000 US gal) En este artículo se analiza el comportamiento de varias de esas obras. In Chicago’s built environment, parallels to Candela’s work can be seen in the experiments with concrete architecture of the 1960s, including Walter Netsch’s UIC Campus and Bertrand Goldberg’s Marina City. hormigón armado es una forma profusamente utilizada por el arquitecto Félix Candela (1910-1997). Famous Candela structures include the Pavilion of Cosmic Rays at UNAM, Mexico City (1951) the Chapel Lomas de Cuernavaca, Cuernavaca (1958) Los Manantiales Restaurant, Xochimilco (1958) and the Palace of Sports for the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City. These curved and cantilevered forms were not only structural advancements but also brought new textural and atmospheric qualities to the social and communal spaces they shelter. Estudi arquitectura en la Escuela Superior de Madrid, donde se licenci en 1935, y en la Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. De origen espaol, Flix Candela se nacionaliz mexicano en 1941 y estadounidense en 1978. His designs evolved as feats of architectural engineering, using hyperbolic paraboloid geometry to create numerous reinforced concrete shells. Flix Candela (Madrid, 1910 - Estados Unidos, 1997) Arquitecto mexicano. In the 1950s, ten years into his practice in Mexico, Candela debuted his experimental signature shell structures by designing a continuous curved surface of minimal thickness. Copyright: Center for Creative Photography. Félix Candela's Concrete Shells: An Engineered Architecture for México and Chicago roots Félix Candela (1910-1997) as one of the most prolific architects of the 20th century in his advanced geometric designs and lasting influence in contemporary architecture.īorn in Spain, Candela exiled to Mexico at the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939, where he lived for thirty years and established his career as an architect. Credit Line: Lola Alvarez Bravo Archive, Rights and Reproductions.
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